MS10-015 BSOD issues are related to TDL3/TDSS rootkit

 Rootkits are among the most dangerous malware agents circulating as they alter low-level API services in Windows to evade AV detection. Repairing BSODs and root kit removals are complex exercises for a technician.  This specific malware agent usually comes from shared P2P networks or is downloaded from compromised websites. Thankfully, MS10-015 does not seem to have issues on non-infected systems.

MS10-015 BSOD issues related to TDL3/TDSS rootkit
http://blogs.pcmag.com/securitywatch/2010/02/rootkit_authors_issue_patch_fo.php

Prevx - BSOD after MS10-015? TDL3 authors "apologize"
http://www.prevx.com/blog/143/BSOD-after-MS-TDL-authors-apologize.html

QUOTE: According to security vendor Prevx, the authors of the rootkit which was the cause of a large number of unbootable systems which applied the MS10-015 patch issued last week have issued a patch to fix the incompatibility.  The authors of the rootkit, which Prevx names TDL3/TDSS, have been active for months updating it to evade detection and to defend itself against removal. It has many other names from other vendors. The error which caused the BSOD was due to the rootkit hard-coding the address of a particular Windows routine, and this address was moved by MS10-015. The rootkit authors had a fix out before too long, but that wasn't enough to save large numbers of users who couldn't boot their systems.